Root canal treatment is a dental procedure used to treat infection or damage inside a tooth while preserving the natural tooth structure. The inner part of the tooth, known as the pulp, contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. When the pulp becomes infected due to deep decay, cracks, or injury, it can cause severe pain and swelling. Root canal treatment removes the infected tissue and prevents the infection from spreading.

During the procedure, the dentist carefully removes the infected or damaged pulp from the tooth. The inner chambers and root canals are then cleaned, disinfected, and shaped to remove bacteria and debris. After cleaning, the canals are filled with a special material that seals the space and protects the tooth from further infection.